When a process executes, it typically executes for only a very short time before it either finishes or needs to perform I/O. These Operating Systems were developed to provide interactive use of a computer system at a reasonable cost.Ī time-shared operating system uses the concept of CPU scheduling and multiprogramming to provide each user with a small portion of a time-shared CPU.Įach user has at least one separate program in memory.Ī program that is loaded into memory and is executing is commonly referred to as a process. Multitasking Operating Systems are also known as Time-sharing systems. The OS handles multitasking in the way that it can handle multiple operations/executes multiple programs at a time. The user gives instructions to the operating system or to a program directly, and receives an immediate response. An OS does the following activities related to multitasking − Switches occur so frequently that the users may interact with each program while it is running. Multitasking is when multiple jobs are executed by the CPU simultaneously by switching between them.
Jobs are processed in the order of submission, i.e., first come first served fashion.
The OS keeps a number a jobs in memory and executes them without any manual information. The OS defines a job which has predefined sequence of commands, programs and data as a single unit. An operating system does the following activities related to batch processing − Batch processing is a technique in which an Operating System collects the programs and data together in a batch before processing starts.
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